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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 279, Issue 48, 49982-49988, November 26, 2004

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A Covalent Oxidoreductase Intermediate in Propeptide-dependent von Willebrand Factor Multimerization^*

Angie R. Purvis and J. Evan Sadler

From the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and the Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110

The assembly of von Willebrand factor multimers in the Golgi apparatus requires D1D2 domains of the von Willebrand factor propeptide, which may act as an oxidoreductase to promote disulfide bond formation or rearrangement between two D3 domains in the mature subunit. This mechanism predicts that the propeptide should form a transient intrachain disulfide bond with the D3 domain before multimerization. Such an intermediate was detected using truncated subunits that simplify the analysis of the multimerization process. When only the D1D2D'D3 region of von Willebrand factor was expressed in baby hamster kidney cells, the propeptide and D'D3 formed an intrachain disulfide-linked species in the endoplasmic reticulum that could be identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis after cleavage with thrombin or furin. This intermediate rearranged in the Golgi to form free propeptide and D'D3 dimers that were secreted. A similar intracellular disulfide-linked species was identified in cells expressing the propeptide and D'D3 as separate proteins and in cells expressing full-length von Willebrand factor. These results support a model in which the propeptide acts as an oxidoreductase to promote von Willebrand factor multimerization in the Golgi apparatus.

Received for publication, July 30, 2004 , and in revised form, September 22, 2004.

^* This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grant HL72917 and by the Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave., Box 8022, St. Louis, MO 63110. Tel.: 314-362-9029; Fax: 314-454-0175; E-mail: esadler{at}im.wustl.edu.

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