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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 279, Issue 5, 3726-3732, January 30, 2004
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From the
Laboratory of Immunobiology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201
RON is a receptor tyrosine kinase of the MET family that is involved in cell proliferation, cell survival, and cell motility in both normal and disease states. Macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP) is the RON ligand whose binding to RON causes receptor activation. RON is a trans-membrane heterodimer comprised of one
- and one
-chain originating from a single-chain precursor and held together by several disulfide bonds. The intracellular part of RON contains the kinase domain and regulatory elements. The extracellular region is characterized by the presence of a sema domain (a stretch of
500 amino acids with several highly conserved cysteine residues), a PSI (plexin, semaphorins, integrins) domain, and four immunoglobulin-like folds. Here we show that a soluble, secreted molecule representing the sema domain of RON (referred to as ron-sema) has a dominant negative effect on the ligand-induced receptor activation and is capable of inhibiting RON-dependent signaling pathways and cellular responses. Results suggest that the sema domain of RON participates in ligand binding by the full-length receptor. The ability of ron-sema to suppress growth of MSP-responsive cells in culture, including cancer cells, points to a potential therapeutic use of this molecule, and forced expression of it could potentially be used as a gene therapy tool for treating MSP-dependent types of cancer.
Received for publication, August 22, 2003 , and in revised form, October 29, 2003.
* This work was supported by NCI, National Institutes of Health Contract NO1-CO-56000. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Present address: Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna and Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica-Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche, 56100 Pisa, Italy.
¶ Both authors contributed equally to the work.
|| Present address: Osiris Therapeutics, Inc., 2001 Aliceanna St., Baltimore, MD 21231.
** Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-7519.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Laboratory of Immunobiology, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 560, Rm. 12-68, Frederick, MD 21702-1201. Tel.: 301-846-7323; Fax: 301-846-6145; E-mail: lerman{at}ncifcrf.gov.
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