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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 11, 10675-10682, March 18, 2005

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Carrier-independent Nuclear Import of the Transcription Factor PU.1 via RanGTP-stimulated Binding to Nup153^*

Hualin Zhong, Akiko Takeda, Reza Nazari, Helen Shio¶, Günter Blobel, and Nabeel R. Yaseen||

From the Laboratory of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and the ^¶Bio-Imaging Resource Center, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021 and the Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611

PU.1 is a transcription factor of the Ets family with important functions in hematopoietic cell differentiation. Using green fluorescent protein-PU.1 fusions, we show that the Ets DNA binding domain of PU.1 is necessary and sufficient for its nuclear localization. Fluorescence and ultrastructural nuclear import assays showed that PU.1 nuclear import requires energy but not soluble carriers. PU.1 interacted directly with two nucleoporins, Nup62 and Nup153. The binding of PU.1 to Nup153, but not to Nup62, increased dramatically in the presence of RanGMPPNP, indicating the formation of a PU.1·RanGTP·Nup153 complex. The Ets domain accounted for the bulk of the interaction of PU.1 with Nup153 and RanGMPPNP. Because Nup62 is located close to the midplane of the nuclear pore complex whereas Nup153 is at its nuclear side, these findings suggest a model whereby RanGTP propels PU.1 toward the nuclear side of the nuclear pore complex by increasing its affinity for Nup153. This notion was confirmed by ultrastructural studies using gold-labeled PU.1 in permeabilized cells.

Received for publication, November 15, 2004 , and in revised form, January 3, 2005.

^* This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grant CA 93873 (to N. R. Y.) and by a myeloid malignancies Specialized Center of Research grant from the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

^|| To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611. Tel.: 312-503-2093; Fax: 312-503-8240; E-mail: n-yaseen{at}northwestern.edu.

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