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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 13, 12676-12682, April 1, 2005

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Tumor Necrosis Factor- Up-regulates the Expression of 1,4-Galactosyltransferase I in Primary Human Endothelial Cells by mRNA Stabilization^*

Juan Jesús García-Vallejo, Willem van Dijk, Irma van Die, and Sonja I. Gringhuis

From the Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands

During the course of an inflammatory response, the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor- (TNF) triggers endothelial cells to increase the expression levels of adhesion molecules that are pivotal for the rolling, adhesion, and transmigration of leukocytes over the endothelial cell wall. Here we show that TNF, in addition, has a regulatory function in the biosynthesis of proper carbohydrate molecules on endothelial cells that constitute ligands for adhesion molecules on leukocytes. Our data show that TNF induced an increase in the expression of 1,4-galactosyltransferase-1 (4GalT-1) in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The 4GalT-1 mRNA up-regulation correlated with an increase in the Golgi expression and catalytic activity of the enzyme. Furthermore, an enhanced incorporation of galactose was observed in newly synthesized glycoproteins. Analysis of the molecular mechanism behind the up-regulation of 4GalT-1 showed that the increase in mRNA levels is due to an enhanced stability of the transcripts. These data strongly demonstrate that TNF modulates the glycosylation of endothelial cells by a mechanism that directly enhances the stability of 4GalT-1 mRNA transcripts.

Received for publication, September 2, 2004 , and in revised form, January 3, 2005.

^* The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the GenBank^TM/EBI Data Bank with accession number(s) AY864848.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Glycoimmunology Group, Dept. of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, P. O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Tel.: 31-20-4448156; Fax: 31-20-4448144; E-mail: jj.garciavallejo{at}vumc.nl.

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