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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 13, 12799-12809, April 1, 2005

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Interaction of the Mammalian Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) III Protein hSnf7-1 with Itself, Membranes, and the AAA⁺ ATPase SKD1^*

Yuan Lin, Lisa A. Kimpler, Teresa V. Naismith, Joshua M. Lauer, and Phyllis I. Hanson

From the Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110

SKD1/VPS4B is an AAA⁺ (ATPase associated with a variety of cellular activities) protein involved in multivesicular body (MVB) biogenesis. In this study, we show that the impairment in MVB biogenesis caused by the ATP hydrolysis-deficient mutant SKD1(E235Q) is accompanied by assembly of a large detergent-insoluble protein complex that includes normally soluble endogenous components of mammalian endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) I and ESCRT-III complexes. Membrane-bound ESCRT-III complex has been proposed to be the substrate that recruits SKD1 to nascent MVBs. To explore this relationship, we studied interactions among the human ESCRT-III components hSnf7-1 and hVps24, membranes, and SKD1. We found that a significant portion of overexpressed hSnf7-1 associated with membranes where it formed a large protein complex that recruited SKD1 and perturbed normal MVB biogenesis. Overexpressed hVps24 also associated with membranes and perturbed endosome structure but only when fused to green fluorescent protein. Domain analysis revealed that the basic N-terminal half of hSnf7-1 localized to membranes and formed detergent-resistant polymers, some of which looked like filopodia extending into the lumen of swollen endosomes or out from the plasma membrane. The C-terminal acidic half of hSnf7-1 did not associate with membranes and was required for interaction of hSnf7-1 with SKD1. Together with earlier studies, our work suggests that a variety of ESCRT-III-containing polymers can assemble on membranes and recruit SKD1 during formation of the MVB.

Received for publication, December 13, 2004 , and in revised form, December 27, 2004.

^* This work was supported by a W. M. Keck distinguished young investigator award and National Institutes of Health Grant NS38058 (to P. I. H.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

A student in the Lucille P. Markey Pathway.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave., Box 8228, St. Louis, MO 63110. Tel.: 314-747-4233; Fax: 314-362-7463; E-mail: phanson{at}cellbiology.wustl.edu.

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