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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 16, 16476-16483, April 22, 2005

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The C-terminal Region of TIM17 Links the Outer and Inner Mitochondrial Membranes in Arabidopsis and Is Essential for Protein Import^*

Monika W. Murcha, Dina Elhafez, A. Harvey Millar, and James Whelan

From the Plant Molecular Biology Group, School of Biomedical and Chemicals Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia

The translocase of the inner membrane 17 (AtTIM17-2) protein from Arabidopsis has been shown to link the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. This was demonstrated by several approaches: (i) In vitro organelle import assays indicated the imported AtTIM17-2 protein remained protease accessible in the outer membrane when inserted into the inner membrane. (ii) N-terminal and C-terminal tagging indicated that it was the C-terminal region that was located in the outer membrane. (iii) Antibodies raised to the C-terminal 100 amino acids recognize a 31-kDa protein from purified mitochondria, but cross-reactivity was abolished when mitochondria were protease-treated to remove outer membrane-exposed proteins. Antibodies to AtTIM17-2 inhibited import of proteins via the general import pathway into outer membrane-ruptured mitochondria, but did not inhibit protein import via the carrier import pathway. Together these results indicate that the C-terminal region of AtTIM17-2 is exposed on the outer surface of the outer membrane, and the C-terminal region is essential for protein import into mitochondria.

Received for publication, November 25, 2004 , and in revised form, January 27, 2005.

^* This work was supported by Australian Research Council Grants (to J. W. and A. H. M.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Supported by an Australian Research Council QEII Research Fellowship.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Plant Molecular Biology Group, School of Biomedical and Chemicals Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia. Tel.: 61-0-8-64881749; Fax: 61-0-8-64881148; E-mail: seamus{at}cyllene.uwa.edu.au.

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