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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 18, 17992-18000, May 6, 2005

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Identification and Characterization of a Novel Plastidic Adenine Nucleotide Uniporter from Solanum tuberosum^*

Michaela Leroch, Simon Kirchberger, Ilka Haferkamp, Markus Wahl, H. Ekkehard Neuhaus, and Joachim Tjaden

From the Pflanzenphysiologie, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 22, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany

Homologs of BT1 (the Brittle1 protein) are found to be phylogenetically related to the mitochondrial carrier family and appear to occur in both mono- and dicotyledonous plants. Whereas BT1 from cereals is probably involved in the transport of ADP-glucose, which is essential for starch metabolism in endosperm plastids, BT1 from a noncereal plant, Solanum tuberosum (StBT1), catalyzes an adenine nucleotide uniport when functionally integrated into the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. Import studies into intact Escherichia coli cells harboring StBT1 revealed a narrow substrate spectrum with similar affinities for AMP, ADP, and ATP of about 300–400 µM. Transiently expressed StBT1-green fluorescent protein fusion protein in tobacco leaf protoplasts showed a plastidic localization of the StBT1. In vitro synthesized radioactively labeled StBT1 was targeted to the envelope membranes of isolated spinach chloroplasts. Furthermore, we showed by real time reverse transcription-PCR a ubiquitous expression pattern of the StBT1 in autotrophic and heterotrophic potato tissues. We therefore propose that StBT1 is a plastidic adenine nucleotide uniporter used to provide the cytosol and other compartments with adenine nucleotides exclusively synthesized inside plastids.

Received for publication, November 4, 2004 , and in revised form, February 17, 2005.

^* This work was supported in part by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grant TJ 5/1-3. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 49-631-2053040; Fax: 49-631-2052600; E-mail: tjaden{at}rhrk.uni-kl.de.

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