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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 20, 20051-20058, May 20, 2005

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Biochemical Properties of Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA Polymerase IV^*

Katarzyna Bebenek, Miguel Garcia-Diaz, Steven R. Patishall, and Thomas A. Kunkel

From the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory of Structural Biology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709

Although mammals encode multiple family X DNA polymerases implicated in DNA repair, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has only one, DNA polymerase IV (pol IV). To better understand the repair functions of pol IV, here we characterize its biochemical properties. Like mammalian pol and pol , but not pol µ, pol IV has intrinsic 5'-2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity. Pol IV has low processivity and can fill short gaps in DNA. Unlike the case with pol and pol , the gap-filling activity of pol IV is not enhanced by a 5'-phosphate on the downstream primer but is stimulated by a 5'-terminal synthetic abasic site. Pol IV incorporates rNTPs into DNA with an unusually high efficiency relative to dNTPs, a property in common with pol µ but not pol or pol . Finally, pol IV is highly inaccurate, with an unusual error specificity indicating the ability to extend primer termini with limited homology. These properties are consistent with a possible role for pol IV in base excision repair and with its known role in non-homologous end joining of double strand breaks, perhaps including those with damaged ends.

Received for publication, February 22, 2005 , and in revised form, March 14, 2005.

^* The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 919-541-2644; Fax: 919-541-7613; E-mail: kunkel{at}niehs.nih.gov.

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