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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 27, 25907-25912, July 8, 2005

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Double-spanning Plant Viral Movement Protein Integration into the Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane Is Signal Recognition Particle-dependent, Translocon-mediated, and Concerted^*

Ana Saurí, Suraj Saksena¶, Jesús Salgado, Arthur E. Johnson¶||**, and Ismael Mingarro

From the Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de València E-46 100 Burjassot, Spain, the Departments of ^¶Biochemistry and Biophysics and ^||Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, and the ^**Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843-1114

The current model for cell-to-cell movement of plant viruses holds that transport requires virus-encoded movement proteins that intimately associate with endoplasmic reticulum membranes. We have examined the early stages of the integration into endoplasmic reticulum membranes of a double-spanning viral movement protein using photocross-linking. We have discovered that this process is cotranslational and proceeds in a signal recognition particle-dependent manner. In addition, nascent chain photocross-linking to Sec61 and translocating chain-associated membrane protein reveal that viral membrane protein insertion takes place via the translocon, as with most eukaryotic membrane proteins, but that the two transmembrane segments of the viral protein leave the translocon and enter the lipid bilayer together.

Received for publication, November 4, 2004 , and in revised form, May 9, 2005.

^* This work was supported by Grants BMC2003-01532 from the Spanish MCyT and GV04B-183 from the Generalitat Valenciana (to I. M.) and by National Institutes of Health Grant R01 GM26494 and by the Robert A. Welch Foundation (to A. E. J.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

A recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 34-96-354-3796; Fax: 34-96-354-4635; E-mail: Ismael.Mingarro{at}uv.es.

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