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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 29, 26896-26903, July 22, 2005
Endothelin-induced, Long Lasting, and Ca2+ Influx-independent Blockade of Intrinsic Secretion in Pituitary Cells by Gz Subunits*![]() ![]() ![]() From the Section on Cellular Signaling, Endocrinology and Reproduction Research Branch, NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4510 The G protein-coupled receptors in excitable cells have prominent roles in controlling Ca2+-triggered secretion by modulating voltage-gated Ca2+ influx. In pituitary lactotrophs, spontaneous voltage-gated Ca2+ influx is sufficient to maintain prolactin release high. Here we show that endothelin in picomolar concentrations can interrupt such release for several hours downstream of spontaneous and high K+-stimulated voltage-gated Ca2+ influx. This action occurred through the Gz signaling pathway; the adenylyl cyclase-signaling cascade could mediate sustained inhibition of secretion, whereas rapid inhibition also occurred at elevated cAMP levels regardless of the status of phospholipase C, tyrosine kinases, and protein kinase C. In a nanomolar concentration range, endothelin also inhibited voltage-gated Ca2+ influx through the Gi/o signaling pathway. Thus, the coupling of seven-transmembrane domain endothelin receptors to Gz proteins provided a pathway that effectively blocked hormone secretion distal to Ca2+ entry, whereas the cross-coupling to Gi/o proteins reinforced such inhibition by simultaneously reducing the pacemaking activity.
Received for publication, February 28, 2005 , and in revised form, May 9, 2005. * The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
¶ To whom correspondence should be addressed: Endocrinology and Reproduction Research Branch, NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 49, Rm. 6A-36, 49 Convent Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-4510. Tel.: 301-496-1638; Fax: 301-594-7031; E-mail: stankos{at}helix.nih.gov.
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