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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 3, 2257-2265, January 21, 2005

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Microtubule-associated Protein 1S, a Short and Ubiquitously Expressed Member of the Microtubule-associated Protein 1 Family^*

Zsuzsanna Orbán-Németh, Hannes Simader, Sylvia Badurek, Alzbeta Traniková, and Friedrich Propst

From the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Vienna Biocenter, University of Vienna, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria

The related high molecular mass microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) MAP1A and MAP1B are predominantly expressed in the nervous system and are involved in axon guidance and synaptic function. MAP1B is implicated in fragile X mental retardation, giant axonal neuropathy, and ataxia type 1. We report the functional characterization of a novel member of the microtubule-associated protein 1 family, which we termed MAP1S (corresponding to sequence data bank entries for VCY2IP1 and C19ORF5). MAP1S contains the three hallmark domains of the microtubule-associated protein 1 family but hardly any additional sequences. It decorates neuronal microtubules and copurifies with tubulin from brain. MAP1S is synthesized as a precursor protein that is partially cleaved into heavy and light chains in a tissue-specific manner. Heavy and light chains interact to form the MAP1S complex. The light chain binds, bundles, and stabilizes microtubules and binds to actin. The heavy chain appears to regulate light chain activity. In contrast to MAP1A and MAP1B, MAP1S is expressed in a wide range of tissues in addition to neurons and represents the non-neuronal counterpart of this cytolinker family.

Received for publication, August 5, 2004 , and in revised form, October 27, 2004.

^* This research was supported by a grant from the Austrian Science Fund (Project No. P14977). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 43-1-4277-52858; Fax: 43-1-4277-52854; E-mail: friedrich.propst{at}univie.ac.at.

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