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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 35, 31050-31058, September 2, 2005

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The Association of the Antenna System to Photosystem I in Higher Plants

COOPERATIVE INTERACTIONS STABILIZE THE SUPRAMOLECULAR COMPLEX AND ENHANCE RED-SHIFTED SPECTRAL FORMS^*

Tomas Morosinotto, Matteo Ballottari, Frank Klimmek¶, Stefan Jansson¶, and Roberto Bassi||

From the Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico, Università di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy, Université Aix-Marseille II, LGBP-Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, Département de Biologie, 13288 Marseille, France, and ^¶Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 90 187 Umeå, Sweden

We report on the association of the antenna system to the reaction center in Photosystem I. Biochemical analysis of mutants depleted in antenna polypeptides showed that the binding of the antenna moiety is strongly cooperative. The minimal building block for the antenna system was shown to be a dimer. Specific protein-protein interactions play an important role in antenna association, and the gap pigments, bound at the interface between core and antenna, are proposed to mediate these interactions Gap pigments have been characterized by comparing the spectra of the Photosystem I to those of the isolated antenna and core components. CD spectroscopy showed that they are involved in pigment-pigment interactions, supporting their relevance in energy transfer from antenna to the reaction center. Moreover, gap pigments contribute to the red-shifted emission forms of Photosystem I antenna. When compared with Photosystem II, the association of peripheral antenna complexes in PSI appears to be more stable, but far less flexible and functional implications are discussed.

Received for publication, March 17, 2005 , and in revised form, June 21, 2005.

^* This work was funded by Ministero dell'Istruzione Università e Ricerca Progetti Fondo per gli Investimenti della Ricerca di Base Grants RBAU01E3CX and RBNE01LACT and by the European Community Human Potential Program Grant HPRN-CT-2002-00248 (Photosystem I consortium). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

^|| To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico, Università di Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona Italy. Tel.: 39-0458027916; Fax: 39-0458027929; E-mail: bassi{at}sci.univr.it.

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