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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 37, 32049-32052, September 16, 2005

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Minireview

Leukotriene B₄ Receptor and the Function of Its Helix 8^*

Toshiaki Okuno1, Takehiko Yokomizo¶, Tetsuya Hori||, Masashi Miyano||, and Takao Shimizu

From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Metabolome, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, and ^¶PRESTO of Japan Science and Technology Agency, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, and ^||Structural Biophysics Laboratory, RIKEN Harima Institute at Spring-8, 1-1-1 Kouto, Mikazuki, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan

More than 30 lipid ligands, which express their biological activities through cognate G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), have been reported. Among them, leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄) is a potent lipid mediator involved in host defense, inflammation, and the immune responses. Two GPCRs for LTB₄ (BLT1 and BLT2) have been cloned and analyzed. Recent studies using genetically engineered mice suggest that BLT1 plays an important role in several inflammatory diseases including ischemic reperfusion tissue injury, atherosclerosis, and bronchial asthma. BLT1 is also a good tool to study the molecular mechanism of GPCR activation and inactivation in vitro. In this brief review, we focus on the biological and biochemical properties of BLT1 with special attention to the putative helix 8 of the receptor.

^* This minireview will be reprinted in the 2005 Minireview Compendium, which will be available in January, 2006.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 81-3-5841-3499; Fax: 81-3-5841-3405; E-mail: t-okuno{at}umin.ac.jp.

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