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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 42, 35776-35783, October 21, 2005

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Serinc, an Activity-regulated Protein Family, Incorporates Serine into Membrane Lipid Synthesis^*

From the Department of Neurophysiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1 Asahi-machi, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan

Cell membranes contain various transporter proteins, some of which are responsible for transferring amino acids across membrane. In this study, we report another class of carrier proteins, termed Serinc1-5, that incorporates a polar amino acid serine into membranes and facilitates the synthesis of two serine-derived lipids, phosphatidylserine and sphingolipids. Serinc is a unique protein family that shows no amino acid homology to other proteins but is highly conserved among eukaryotes. The members contain 11 transmembrane domains, and rat Serinc1 protein co-localizes with lipid biosynthetic enzymes in endoplasmic reticulum membranes. A Serinc protein forms an intracellular complex with key enzymes involved in serine and sphingolipid biosyntheses, and both functions, serine synthesis and membrane incorporation, are linked to each other. In the rat brain, expression of Serinc1 and Serinc2 mRNA was rapidly up-regulated by kainate-induced seizures in neuronal cell layers of the hippocampus. In contrast, myelin throughout the brain is enriched with Serinc5, which was down-regulated in the hippocampus by seizures. These results indicate a novel mechanism linking neural activity and lipid biosynthesis.

Received for publication, May 25, 2005 , and in revised form, August 19, 2005.

The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the GenBank^TM/EBI Data Bank with the accession number(s) DQ103708, DQ103709, DQ103710, DQ103711.

^* This work was supported by research grants from the Uehara Foundation (to T. I.) and the Japan Epilepsy Research Foundation (to T. I.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 81-25-227-0628; Fax. 81-25-227-0814; E-mail: tingi{at}bri.niigata-u.ac.jp.

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