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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 47, 39253-39259, November 25, 2005

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The C2B Domain of Rabphilin Directly Interacts with SNAP-25 and Regulates the Docking Step of Dense Core Vesicle Exocytosis in PC12 Cells^*

From the Fukuda Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan

Rabphilin is a membrane trafficking protein on secretory vesicles that consists of an N-terminal Rab-binding domain and C-terminal tandem C2 domains. The N-terminal part of rabphilin has recently been shown to function as an effector domain for both Rab27A and Rab3A in PC12 cells (Fukuda, M., Kanno, E., and Yamamoto, A. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279, 13065–13075), but the function of the C2 domains of rabphilin during secretory vesicle exocytosis is largely unknown. In this study we investigated the interaction between rabphilin and SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors, VAMP-2/synaptobrevin-2, syntaxin IA, and SNAP-25) and SNARE-associated proteins (Munc18-1 and Munc13-1) and found that the C2B domain of rabphilin, but not of other Rab27A-binding proteins with tandem C2 domains (i.e. Slp1-5), directly interacts with a plasma membrane protein, SNAP-25. The interaction between rabphilin and SNAP-25 occurs even in the absence of Ca²⁺ (EC₅₀ = 0.817 µM SNAP-25), but 0.5 mM Ca²⁺ increases the affinity for SNAP-25 2-fold (EC₅₀ = 0.405 µM SNAP-25) without changing the B_max value (1.06 mol of SNAP-25/mol of rabphilin). Furthermore, vesicle dynamics were imaged by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy in a single PC12 cell expressing a lumen-targeted pH-insensitive yellow fluorescent protein (Venus), neuropeptide Y-Venus. Expression of the wild-type rabphilin in PC12 cells significantly increased the number of docked vesicles to the plasma membrane without altering the kinetics of individual secretory events, whereas expression of the mutant rabphilin lacking the C2B domain, rabphilin-C2B, decreased the number of docked vesicle or fusing at the plasma membrane. These findings suggest that rabphilin is involved in the docking step of regulated exocytosis in PC12 cells, possibly through interaction between the C2B domain and SNAP-25.

Received for publication, July 1, 2005 , and in revised form, August 8, 2005.

^* This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, and Technology of Japan (Grants 15689006, 16044248, 17024065, and 17657067 (to M. F.)), by the Kato Memorial Bioscience Foundation (to M. F.), by The Sumitomo Foundation (to M. F.), and by the FY2005 DRI Research Grant (to T. T.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains supplemental Fig. 1 and movies.

¹ Supported by the Special Postdoctoral Researchers Program of RIKEN.

² To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 81-48-462-4994; Fax: 81-48-462-4995; E-mail: mnfukuda{at}brain.riken.go.jp.

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