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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 49, 40757-40765, December 9, 2005

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Functional Interaction between the Drosophila Knirps Short Range Transcriptional Repressor and RPD3 Histone Deacetylase^*

From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Program in Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824

Knirps and other short range transcriptional repressors play critical roles in patterning the early Drosophila embryo. These repressors are known to bind the C-terminal binding protein corepressor, but their mechanism of action is poorly understood. We purified functional recombinant Knirps protein from transgenic embryos to identify possible cofactors that contribute to the activity of this protein. The protein migrates in a complex of 450 kDa and was found to copurify with the Rpd3 histone deacetylase protein during a double affinity purification procedure. Association of Rpd3 with Knirps was dependent on the presence of the C-terminal binding protein-dependent repression domain of Knirps. Previous studies of an rpd3 mutant had not shown defects in the pattern of expression of even-skipped, a target of the Knirps repressor. However, in embryos doubly heterozygous for knirps and rpd3, a marked increase in the frequency of defects in the Knirps-regulated posterior domain of even-skipped expression was found, indicating that Rpd3 contributes to Knirps repression activity in vivo. This finding implicates deacetylation in the mechanism of short range repression in Drosophila.

Received for publication, June 23, 2005 , and in revised form, September 26, 2005.

^* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant GM56976 (to D. N. A.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ Present address: Dept. of Biology, 100 Washington Square East, New York University, New York, NY 10003.

² To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 413 Biochemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824. Tel.: 517-432-5504; Fax: 517-353-9334; E-mail: arnosti{at}msu.edu.

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