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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M408063200 on November 19, 2004

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 280, Issue 5, 3185-3196, February 4, 2005
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ICI182,780 Induces p21Waf1 Gene Transcription through Releasing Histone Deacetylase 1 and Estrogen Receptor {alpha} from Sp1 Sites to Induce Cell Cycle Arrest in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line*

Rana Varshochi, Faezah Halim, Andrew Sunters, John P. Alao, Patricia A. Madureira, Stephen M. Hart, Simak Ali, David M. Vigushin, R. Charles Coombes, and Eric W.-F. Lam{ddagger}

From the Cancer Research-UK Laboratories and Section of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Cancer Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 ONN, United Kingdom

We used the estrogen-responsive MCF-7 breast cancer cell line as a relevant model to study the anti-proliferative effects of ICI182,780 and identified the negative cell cycle regulator p21Waf1 as a specific target of ICI182,780. Furthermore, silencing of the p21Waf1 expression by small interfering RNA overcame the G0/G1 cell cycle arrest induced by ICI182,780, suggesting that the induction of p21Waf1 expression has a direct role in mediating the ICI182,780-induced G0/G1 arrest. We further demonstrated that the induction of p21Waf1 by ICI182,780 is mediated at transcriptional and gene promoter levels through the proximal Sp1 sites located near the transcription start site. Co-immunoprecipitation, DNA "pull-down," and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments together showed that in cycling cells, estrogen receptor {alpha} and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) are recruited to the proximal Sp1 sites of the promoter to repress p21Waf1 expression. In the presence of ICI182,780, estrogen receptor {alpha} and HDACs are dissociated from Sp1, resulting in increased histone acetylation and de-repression of the p21Waf1 promoter and induction of p21Waf1 expression. The fact that p21Waf1 expression is normally repressed by HDAC activity in cycling cells is further demonstrated by the finding that p21Waf1 transcription can be induced by the silencing of HDACs with small interfering RNA or treatment with HDAC inhibitors.


Received for publication, July 16, 2004 , and in revised form, November 17, 2004.

* The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

{ddagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 44-20-8383-5829; Fax: 44-20-8383-5830; E-mail: eric.lam{at}imperial.ac.uk.


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