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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 281, Issue 1, 599-607, January 6, 2006

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Shigella Spa33 Is an Essential C-ring Component of Type III Secretion Machinery^*

Tomoko Morita-Ishihara, Michinaga Ogawa, Hiroshi Sagara, Mitutaka Yoshida¶, Eisaku Katayama||, and Chihiro Sasakawa**1

From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Fine Morphology and ^||Department of Basic Medical Sciences, ^**Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan, the ^¶Division of Ultrastructural Research, BioMedical Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan

Type III secretion machinery (TTSM), composed of a needle, a basal body, and a C-ring compartment, delivers a subset of effectors into host cells. Here, we show that Shigella Spa33 is an essential component of the C-ring compartment involved in mediating the transit of various TTSM-associated translocated proteins. Electron microscopic analysis and pull-down assay revealed Spa33 to be localized beneath the TTSM via interaction with MxiG and MxiJ (basal body components). Spa33 is also capable of interacting with Spa47 (TTSM ATPase), MxiK, MxiN (required for the transit of MxiH, the needle component), Spa32 (required for determining needle length), and several effectors. Genetic and functional analyses of the Spa33 C-terminal region, which is highly conserved in the SpaO-YscQ-HrcQ_B-FliN family, indicate that some of the conserved residues are crucial for needle formation via interactions with MxiN. Thus, Spa33 plays a central role as the C-ring component in recruiting/exporting TTSM-associated proteins.

Received for publication, September 1, 2005 , and in revised form, October 20, 2005.

^* This work was supported by a grant-in-aid for scientific research on Priority Areas, the Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology, MEXT and CREST (Japan Science and Technology Agency). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains supplemental Figs. S1 and S2, Table S1, and Refs. S1-S14.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 81-3-5449-5252; Fax: 81-3-5449-5405; E-mail: sasakawa{at}ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp.

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