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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 281, Issue 1, 80-89, January 6, 2006

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Mediator as a General Transcription Factor^*

From the Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5400

Others have shown that yeast strains bearing a ts mutation in the Srb4 subunit of Mediator cease transcription of all mRNA at the restrictive temperature, in a manner virtually indistinguishable from a strain bearing a ts mutation in the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. We find that srb4ts Mediator is defective for the stimulation of basal RNA polymerase II transcription at the restrictive temperature in vitro. Taken together, these findings lead to the suggestion that Mediator is required for basal RNA polymerase II transcription in vivo. On this basis, Mediator is identified as a general transcription factor, comparable in importance to RNA polymerase II and other general factors for the initiation of transcription. The possibility that Mediator serves as an anti-inhibitor, opposing the effects of global negative regulators, is largely excluded.

Received for publication, July 28, 2005 , and in revised form, October 31, 2005.

^* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant GM36659 (to R. D. K.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains a supplemental figure.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 650-723-6988; Fax: 650-723-8464; E-mail: kornberg{at}stanford.edu.

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