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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 281, Issue 11, 7068-7074, March 17, 2006

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A Uracil-DNA Glycosylase Inhibitor Encoded by a Non-uracil Containing Viral DNA^*

From the Instituto de Biología Molecular "Eladio Viñuela" (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain

Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) is an enzyme involved in the base excision repair pathway. It specifically removes uracil from both single-stranded and double-stranded DNA. The genome of the Bacillus subtilis phage 29 is a linear double-stranded DNA with a terminal protein covalently linked at each 5'-end. Replication of 29 DNA starts by a protein-priming mechanism and generates intermediates that have long stretches of single-stranded DNA. By using in vivo chemical cross-linking and affinity chromatography techniques, we found that UDG is a cellular target for the early viral protein p56. Addition of purified protein p56 to B. subtilis extracts inhibited the endogenous UDG activity. Moreover, extracts from 29-infected cells were deficient in UDG activity. We suggested that inhibition of the cellular UDG is a defense mechanism developed by 29 to prevent the action of the base excision repair pathway if uracil residues arise in their replicative intermediates. Protein p56 is the first example of a UDG inhibitor encoded by a non-uracil-containing viral DNA.

Received for publication, October 13, 2005 , and in revised form, January 17, 2006.

^* This work was supported in part by Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología Grant BMC2002-03818 (to M. S.) and by Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid Grant GR/SAL/0087/2004 (to A. B.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ Supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (Programa Ramón y Cajal). To whom correspondence should be addressed: Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain. Tel.: 34-91-497-8435; Fax: 34-91-497-8490; E-mail: abravo{at}cbm.uam.es.

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This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. Serrano-Heras, A. Bravo, and M. Salas Inaugural Article: Phage {varphi}29 protein p56 prevents viral DNA replication impairment caused by uracil excision activity of uracil-DNA glycosylase PNAS, December 9, 2008; 105(49): 19044 - 19049. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Serrano-Heras, J. A. Ruiz-Maso, G. d. Solar, M. Espinosa, A. Bravo, and M. Salas Protein p56 from the Bacillus subtilis phage {phi}29 inhibits DNA-binding ability of uracil-DNA glycosylase Nucleic Acids Res., August 13, 2007; (2007) gkm584v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]