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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 281, Issue 29, 20045-20054, July 21, 2006

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The UBA Domains of NUB1L Are Required for Binding but Not for Accelerated Degradation of the Ubiquitin-like Modifier FAT10^*

From the Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany

Proteins selected for degradation are labeled with multiple molecules of ubiquitin and are subsequently cleaved by the 26 S proteasome. A family of proteins containing at least one ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domain and one ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain have been shown to act as soluble ubiquitin receptors of the 26 S proteasome and introduce a new level of specificity into the degradation system. They bind ubiquitylated proteins via their UBA domains and the 26 S proteasome via their UBL domain and facilitate the contact between substrate and protease. NEDD8 ultimate buster-1 long (NUB1L) belongs to this class of proteins and contains one UBL and three UBA domains. We recently reported that NUB1L interacts with the ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 and accelerates its degradation and that of its conjugates. Here we show that a deletion mutant of NUB1L lacking the UBL domain is still able to bind FAT10 but not the proteasome and no longer accelerates FAT10 degradation. A version of NUB1L lacking all three UBA domains, on the other hand, looses the ability to bind FAT10 but is still able to interact with the proteasome and accelerates the degradation of FAT10. The degradation of a FAT10 mutant containing only the C-terminal UBL domain is also still accelerated by NUB1L, even though the two proteins do not interact. In addition, we show that FAT10 and either one of its UBL domains alone can interact directly with the 26 S proteasome. We propose that NUB1L not only acts as a linker between the 26 S proteasome and ubiquitin-like proteins, but also as a facilitator of proteasomal degradation.

Received for publication, March 31, 2006 , and in revised form, May 16, 2006.

^* This work was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grants GR1517/2-1 and GR1517/3-1 and the Fritz Thyssen Foundation. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ Present address: IZKF, Dept. of Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.

² Present address: Dept. of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 49-7531-88-2130; Fax: 49-7531-88-3102; E-mail: marcus.groettrup{at}uni-konstanz.de.

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