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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 281, Issue 5, 2668-2675, February 3, 2006

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Growth Phase-dependent Activation of Nitrogen-related Genes by a Control Network of Group 1 and Group 2 Factors in a Cyanobacterium^*

Sousuke Imamura, Kan Tanaka, Makoto Shirai, and Munehiko Asayama¹

From the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Inashiki, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan and the Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, the University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan

It has been reported that an RNA polymerase factor, SigC, mainly contributes to specific transcription from the promoter PglnB-54,-53 under nitrogen-deprived conditions during the stationary phase of cell growth in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 (Asayama, M., Imamura, S., Yoshihara, S., Miyazaki, A., Yoshida, N., Sazuka, T., Kaneko, T., Ohara, O., Tabata, S., Osanai, T., Tanaka, K., Takahashi, H., and Shirai, M. (2004) Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 68, 477-487). In this study, we further examined the functions of group 2 factors of RNA polymerase in NtcA-dependent nitrogen-related gene expression in PCC 6803. Results indicated that SigB and SigC contribute to the transcription from PglnB-54,-53 with a factor replaced in a growth phase-dependent manner. We also confirmed the contribution of SigB and SigC to the transcription of other NtcA-dependent genes, glnA, sigE, and amt1, as in the case of glnB. On the other hand, the transcription of glnN was dependent on SigB and SigE. In the SigB and SigC-based regulation, the level of SigB increased, but that of SigC was constant under conditions of nitrogen deprivation. Furthermore, it was found that SigC negatively and positively regulates the level of SigB in the log and stationary phase, respectively. SigC also had a positive effect on the level of sigB transcript during the stationary phase. In contrast, SigB acts positively on SigC levels in both growth phases. These results and previous findings indicated that multiple group 2 factors take part in the control of NtcA-dependent nitrogen-related gene expression in cooperation with a group 1 factor, SigA.

Received for publication, September 1, 2005 , and in revised form, November 11, 2005.

^* This work was supported in part by grants from Ibaraki University and the Foundation for Earth Environment. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel./Fax: 81-29-888-8651; E-mail: asam{at}mx.ibaraki.ac.jp.

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