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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 281, Issue 51, 39179-39193, December 22, 2006

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CEACAM1 (CD66a) Promotes Human Monocyte Survival via a Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase- and AKT-dependent Pathway^*

Qigui Yu, Edith M. C. Chow, Henry Wong, Jenny Gu, Ofer Mandelboim^¶, Scott D. Gray-Owen¹², and Mario A. Ostrowski¹

From the Clinical Sciences Division and Department of Medical Genetics and Microbiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8 Ontario, Canada and ^¶The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel 92210

CEACAM1 (also known as CD66a) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates homophilic intercellular interactions that influence cellular growth, immune cell activation, and tissue morphogenesis. Various studies have suggested a link between CEACAM1 and cellular apoptosis, including a recent demonstration that ERK1/2 signaling is triggered downstream of CEACAM1. In this study, we reveal that CEACAM1-long binding confers survival signals to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CEACAM-specific antibodies effectively protected peripheral blood mononuclear cells from apoptosis, with this effect being particularly dramatic for primary monocytes that undergo spontaneous apoptosis during in vitro culture. This protective effect was reiterated when using soluble CEACAM1, which binds to cell-surface CEACAM1 via homophilic interactions. Monocyte survival correlated with a CEACAM1-dependent up-regulation of the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis Bcl-2 and the abrogation of caspase-3 activation. CEACAM1 binding triggered a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent activation of the protein kinase Akt without influencing the activity of extracellular signal-related kinase ERK, whereas the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-specific inhibitor LY294002 effectively blocked the protective effect of CEACAM1. Together, this work indicates that CEACAM1 confers a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase- and Akt-dependent survival signal that inhibits mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis of monocytes. By controlling both ERK/MEK and PI3K/Akt pathways, CEACAM1 functions as a key regulator of contact-dependent control of cell survival, differentiation, and growth.

Received for publication, September 14, 2006 , and in revised form, October 27, 2006.

^* This work was supported in part by the Canadian Institutes for Health Research and the Ontario HIV Treatment Network. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ Supported by New Investigator Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and recipient of Province of Ontario Premier's Research Excellence Award.

² To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. Medical Genetics and Microbiology, University of Toronto, Rm. 4381 Medical Sciences Bldg., 1 King's College Circle, M5S 1A8 Toronto, Canada. Tel.: 416-946-5307; Fax: 416-978-6885; E-mail: scott.gray.owen{at}utoronto.ca.

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