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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M512215200 on December 22, 2005

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 281, Issue 8, 4646-4653, February 24, 2006
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Membrane Topology of the Yeast Endoplasmic Reticulum-localized Ubiquitin Ligase Doa10 and Comparison with Its Human Ortholog TEB4 (MARCH-VI)*Formula

Stefan G. Kreft, Lin Wang, and Mark Hochstrasser1

From the Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114

Quality control machinery in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) helps ensure that only properly folded and assembled proteins accumulate in the ER or continue along the secretory pathway. Aberrant proteins are retrotranslocated to the cytosol and degraded by the proteasome, a process called ER-associated degradation. Doa10, a transmembrane protein of the ER/nuclear envelope, is one of the primary ubiquitin ligases (E3s) participating in ER-associated degradation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we report the membrane organization of the 1319-residue Doa10 polypeptide. The topology was determined by fusing a dual-topology reporter after 16 different Doa10 fragments. Our results indicate that Doa10 contains 14 transmembrane helices (TMs). Based on protease digestion of yeast microsomes, both the N-terminal RING-CH domain and the C terminus face the cytosol. Notably, the experimentally derived topology was not predicted correctly by any of the generally available TM prediction algorithms. Bioinformatic analysis and in silico mutagenesis guided the topological studies through problematic regions. The conserved TD domain in Doa10 includes three TMs. These TMs might function in cofactor binding or substrate recognition, or they might be part of a retrotranslocation channel. The Derlins were previously proposed to provide such channels, but we show that the two yeast Derlins are not required for degradation of Doa10 membrane substrates, as was found before for the Sec61 translocon. Finally, we provide evidence that the likely human Doa10 ortholog, TEB4 (MARCH-VI), adopts a topology similar to that of Doa10.


Received for publication, November 14, 2005 , and in revised form, December 21, 2005.

* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant GM46904 (to M. H.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Formula The online version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains supplemental Figs. S1 and S2.

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, 266 Whitney Ave., New Haven, CT 06520-8114. E-mail: mark.hochstrasser{at}yale.edu.


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