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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 281, Issue 8, 5288-5299, February 24, 2006

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Regulation of the Assembly and Adhesion Activity of E-cadherin by Nectin and Afadin for the Formation of Adherens Junctions in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells^*

From the Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine/Faculty of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan

The Ca²⁺-independent immunoglobulin-like molecule nectin first forms cell-cell adhesion and then assembles cadherin at nectin-based cell-cell adhesion sites, resulting in the formation of adherens junctions (AJs). Afadin is a nectin- and actin filament-binding protein that connects nectin to the actin cytoskeleton. Here, we studied the roles and modes of action of nectin and afadin in the formation of AJs in cultured MDCK cells. The trans-interaction of nectin assembled E-cadherin, which associated with p120^ctn, -catenin, and -catenin, at the nectin-based cell-cell adhesion sites in an afadin-independent manner. However, the assembled E-cadherin showed weak cell-cell adhesion activity and might be the non-trans-interacting form. This assembly was mediated by the IQGAP1-dependent actin cytoskeleton, which was organized by Cdc42 and Rac small G proteins that were activated by the action of trans-interacting nectin through c-Src and Rap1 small G protein in an afadin-independent manner. However, Rap1 bound to afadin, and this Rap1-afadin complex then interacted with p120^ctn associated with non-trans-interacting E-cadherin, thereby causing the trans-interaction of E-cadherin. Thus, nectin regulates the assembly and cell-cell adhesion activity of E-cadherin through afadin, nectin signaling, and p120^ctn for the formation of AJs in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.

Received for publication, September 13, 2005 , and in revised form, December 5, 2005.

^* The investigation at Osaka University was supported by a grant-in-aid for Scientific Research and for Cancer Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan (2004, 2005). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 81-6-6879-3410; Fax: 81-6-6879-3419; E-mail: ytakai{at}molbio.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.

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