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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 282, Issue 1, 731-742, January 5, 2007

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Requirement of Non-canonical Activity of Uracil DNA Glycosylase for Class Switch Recombination^*

From the Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and uracil DNA glycosylase (UNG) are required for class switch recombination (CSR). AID is involved in the DNA cleavage step of CSR, but the precise role of UNG is not yet understood. Mutations and deletions are footprints of abortive DNA cleavage in the immunoglobulin switch region in splenic B cells stimulated to undergo CSR. However, a UNG deficiency did not reduce the number of such footprints, indicating UNG is dispensable for the DNA cleavage step. Mutagenesis experiments revealed that the role of UNG in CSR depends on its WXXF motif. This motif is also essential for the interaction of UNG with the HIV viral peptide Vpr, which recruits UNG to the HIV particle. Furthermore, exogenous Vpr had a dominant-negative effect on CSR. These results suggest that UNG is recruited to the CSR machinery through its WXXF motif by a Vpr-like host factor and plays a novel non-canonical role in a CSR step that follows DNA cleavage.

Received for publication, August 4, 2006 , and in revised form, October 24, 2006.

^* This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research 1700201 (to T. H.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ These authors equally contributed to this work.

² To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 81-75-753-4371; Fax: 81-75-753-9485; E-mail: honjo{at}mfour.med.kyoto-u-ac.jp.

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