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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 282, Issue 2, 1183-1192, January 12, 2007

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Specific Aquaporins Facilitate the Diffusion of Hydrogen Peroxide across Membranes^*

Gerd P. Bienert, Anders L. B. Møller, Kim A. Kristiansen, Alexander Schulz, Ian M. Møller, Jan K. Schjoerring, and Thomas P. Jahn¹

From the Departments of Agricultural Sciences and Plant Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Copenhagen University, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark

The metabolism of aerobic organisms continuously produces reactive oxygen species. Although potentially toxic, these compounds also function in signaling. One important feature of signaling compounds is their ability to move between different compartments, e.g. to cross membranes. Here we present evidence that aquaporins can channel hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Twenty-four aquaporins from plants and mammals were screened in five yeast strains differing in sensitivity toward oxidative stress. Expression of human AQP8 and plant Arabidopsis TIP1;1 and TIP1;2 in yeast decreased growth and survival in the presence of H₂O₂. Further evidence for aquaporin-mediated H₂O₂ diffusion was obtained by a fluorescence assay with intact yeast cells using an intracellular reactive oxygen species-sensitive fluorescent dye. Application of silver ions (Ag⁺), which block aquaporin-mediated water diffusion in a fast kinetics swelling assay, also reversed both the aquaporin-dependent growth repression and the H₂O₂-induced fluorescence. Our results present the first molecular genetic evidence for the diffusion of H₂O₂ through specific members of the aquaporin family.

Received for publication, April 19, 2006 , and in revised form, October 31, 2006.

^* This work was supported by Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation Grant 23-03-0103 (to T. P. J). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed: Plant and Soil Science Laboratory, Dept. of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Life Science, Copenhagen University, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Tel.: 45-3528-3484; Fax: 45-3528-3460; E-mail: tpj{at}kvl.dk.

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