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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 282, Issue 40, 29457-29469, October 5, 2007

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Photosynthetic Antenna Size in Higher Plants Is Controlled by the Plastoquinone Redox State at the Post-transcriptional Rather than Transcriptional Level^*

Sara Frigerio, Chiara Campoli^¶, Simone Zorzan, Luca Isaia Fantoni^||, Cristina Crosatti^¶, Friedel Drepper^**, Wolfgang Haehnel^**, Luigi Cattivelli^¶, Tomas Morosinotto, and Roberto Bassi¹

From the LGBP, UMR 6191 CEA-CNRS-Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille 13288, France, the Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico, Università di Verona, Verona 37134, Italy, the ^¶CRA-Centro per le Ricerche Genomiche, Fiorenzuola d'Arda 29017, Italy, the ^||Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena 41100, Italy, the ^**Institut für Biologie II/Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg D-79104, Germany, and the Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58 B, Padova 35131, Italy

We analyze the effect of the plastoquinone redox state on the regulation of the light-harvesting antenna size at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. This was approached by studying transcription and accumulation of light-harvesting complexes in wild type versus the barley mutant viridis zb63, which is depleted in photosystem I and where plastoquinone is constitutively reduced. We show that the mRNA level of genes encoding antenna proteins is almost unaffected in the mutant; this stability of messenger level is not a peculiarity of antenna-encoding genes, but it extends to all photosynthesis-related genes. In contrast, analysis of protein accumulation by two-dimensional PAGE shows that the mutant undergoes strong reduction of its antenna size, with individual gene products having different levels of accumulation. We conclude that the plastoquinone redox state plays an important role in the long term regulation of chloroplast protein expression. However, its modulation is active at the post-transcriptional rather than transcriptional level.

Received for publication, June 21, 2007 , and in revised form, August 2, 2007.

^* This work was supported by the Provincia Autonoma di Trento, progetto SAMBAx2 and Progetto Fondo Investimenti Ricerca di Base PARALLELOMICS (RBIP06CTBR). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains supplemental files and tables.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy. Tel.: 39-045-802-7916; Fax: 39-045-802-7929; E-mail: bassi{at}sci.univr.it.

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