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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 282, Issue 49, 35449-35456, December 7, 2007

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Activation of a C-terminal Transcriptional Activation Domain of ERK5 by Autophosphorylation^*

From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan

ERK5 plays a crucial role in many biological processes by regulating transcription. ERK5 has a large C-terminal-half that contains a transcriptional activation domain. However, it has remained unclear how its transcriptional activation activity is regulated. Here, we show that the activated kinase activity of ERK5 is required for the C-terminal-half to enhance the AP-1 activity, and that the activated ERK5 undergoes autophosphorylation on its most C-terminal region. Changing these phosphorylatable threonine and serine residues to unphosphorylatable alanines significantly reduces the transcriptional activation activity of ERK5. Moreover, phosphomimetic mutants of the C-terminal-half of ERK5 without an N-terminal kinase domain are shown to be able to enhance the AP-1 activity in fibroblastic cells. These results reveal the role of the stimulus-induced ERK5 autophosphorylation in regulation of gene expression.

Received for publication, May 17, 2007 , and in revised form, October 9, 2007.

^* This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (to E. N.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. Tel.: 81-75-753-4230; Fax: 81-75-753-4235; E-mail: L50174{at}sakura.kudpc.kyoto-u.ac.jp.

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