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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 283, Issue 11, 7155-7165, March 14, 2008

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Cofactor D Functions as a Centrosomal Protein and Is Required for the Recruitment of the -Tubulin Ring Complex at Centrosomes and Organization of the Mitotic Spindle^*

From the Department of Biochemistry and the Biochemistry, Cell, and Developmental Biology Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322

Microtubules are highly dynamic structures, composed of /β-tubulin heterodimers. Biosynthesis of the functional dimer involves the participation of several chaperones, termed cofactors A-E, that act on folding intermediates downstream of the cytosolic chaperonin CCT (1, 2). We show that cofactor D is also a centrosomal protein and that overexpression of either the full-length protein or either of two centrosome localization domains leads to the loss of anchoring of the -tubulin ring complex and of nucleation of microtubule growth at centrosomes. In contrast, depletion of cofactor D by short interfering RNA results in mitotic spindle defects. Because none of these changes in cofactor D activity produced a change in the levels of -or β-tubulin, we conclude that these newly discovered functions for cofactor D are distinct from its previously described role in tubulin folding. Thus, we describe a new role for cofactor D at centrosomes that is important to its function in polymerization of tubulin and organization of the mitotic spindle.

Received for publication, August 14, 2007 , and in revised form, December 6, 2007.

^* This work was supported by NIGMS, National Institutes of Health, Grant GM-68029. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains supplemental Fig. 1.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30322-3050. Tel.: 404-727-3561; E-mail: rkahn{at}emory.edu.

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