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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 283, Issue 15, 9933-9944, April 11, 2008

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Characterization of the Histidine-containing Phosphotransfer Protein B-mediated Multistep Phosphorelay System in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1^*

Jye-Lin Hsu, Hsuan-Cheng Chen, Hwei-Ling Peng, and Hwan-You Chang¹

From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Guang Fu Rd. 2nd Sec., Hsin Chu 300 and the Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Po Ai Street, Hsin Chu, Taiwan, Republic of China

Certain bacterial two-component sensor kinases possess a histidine-containing phosphotransfer (Hpt) domain to carry out a multistep phosphotransferring reaction to a cognate response regulator. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 contains three genes that encode proteins with an Hpt domain but lack a kinase domain. To identify the sensor kinase coupled to these Hpt proteins, a phosphorelay profiling assay was performed. Among the 12 recombinant orphan sensor kinases tested, 4 of these sensors (PA1611, PA1976, PA2824, and RetS) transferred the phosphoryl group to HptB (PA3345). The in vivo interaction between HptB and each of the sensors was also confirmed using the bacterial two-hybrid assay. Interestingly, the phosphoryl groups from these sensors all appeared to be transferred via HptB to PA3346, a novel phosphatase consisting of an N-terminal receiver domain and a eukaryotic type Ser/Thr phosphatase domain, and resulted in a significant increase of its phosphatase activity. The subsequent reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed an operon structure of hptB-PA3346–PA3347, suggesting a coordinate expression of the three genes to carry out a signal transduction. The possibility was supported by the analysis showing PA3347 is able to be phosphorylated on Ser-56, and this phosphoryl group could be removed by PA3346 protein. Finally, analysis of PA3346 and PA3347 gene knock-out mutants revealed that these genes are associated with bacterial swarming activity and biofilm formation. Together, these results disclose a novel multistep phosphorelay system that is essential for P. aeruginosa to respond to a wide spectrum of environmental signals.

Received for publication, October 26, 2007 , and in revised form, February 4, 2008.

^* This work was supported by the National Research Program for Genomic Medicine and National Science Council of Taiwan, Republic of China. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains supplemental Table S1 and Figs. S1–S3.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed: 101 Guang Fu Rd. 2nd Sec., Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu, 300, Taiwan, Republic of China. Tel.: 886-3-5742910; Fax: 886-3-5742910; E-mail: hychang{at}life.nthu.edu.tw.

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