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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 283, Issue 16, 10425-10432, April 18, 2008

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Nuclear Receptor CAR Requires Early Growth Response 1 to Activate the Human Cytochrome P450 2B6 Gene^*

From the Pharmacogenetics Section, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709

The nuclear receptor CAR (constitutive active/androstane receptor) is a drug-sensing transcription factor, regulating the hepatic genes that encode various drug-metabolizing enzymes. We have now characterized the novel regulatory mechanism by which the signal molecule EGR1 (early growth response 1) determines CAR-mediated activation of the human CYP2B6 (cytochrome P450 2B6) gene. The CYP2B6 enzyme metabolizes commonly used therapeutics and also activates pro-drugs. The CAR directly binds to the distal enhancer element of the CYP2B6 promoter, which is essential in converging to its drug-sensing function onto promoter activity. However, this binding alone is not sufficient to activate the CYP2B6 promoter; the promoter requires EGR1 to enable CAR to activate the CYP2B6 promoter. Upon stimulation by protein kinase C, EGR1 directly binds to the proximal promoter and coordinates the nearby HNF4 (hepatocyte-enriched nuclear factor 4) with CAR at the distal enhancer element to activate the promoter. Thus, synergy of drug activation and the stimulation of cellular signal are necessary for CAR to activate the CYP2B6 gene.

Received for publication, January 28, 2008 , and in revised form, February 25, 2008.

^* This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health and NIEHS. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains supplemental Fig. S1.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed: 111 T. W. Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Tel.: 919-541-2404; Fax: 919-541-0696; E-mail: negishi{at}niehs.nih.gov.

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