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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 283, Issue 23, 15893-15902, June 6, 2008

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Expression of the Novel Wheat Gene TM20 Confers Enhanced Cadmium Tolerance to Bakers' Yeast^*

Yu-Young Kim, Do-Young Kim¹, Donghwan Shim, Won-Yong Song², Joohyun Lee³, Julian I. Schroeder, Sanguk Kim^¶, Nava Moran^||, and Youngsook Lee^**4

From the POSTECH-UZH Cooperative Laboratory, Division of Molecular Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, and Center of Molecular Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0116, ^¶Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Division of Molecular Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea, ^||Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel, and ^**Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea

Cadmium causes the generation of reactive oxygen species, which in turn causes cell damage. We isolated a novel gene from a wheat root cDNA library, which conferred Cd(II)-specific tolerance when expressed in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The gene, which we called TaTM20, for Triticum aestivum transmembrane 20, encodes a putative hydrophobic polypeptide of 889 amino acids, containing 20 transmembrane domains arranged as a 5-fold internal repeating unit of 4 transmembrane domains each. Expression of TaTM20 in yeast cells stimulated Cd(II) efflux resulting in a decrease in the content of yeast intracellular cadmium. TaTM20-induced Cd(II) tolerance was maintained in yeast even under conditions of reduced GSH. These results demonstrate that TaTM20 enhances Cd(II) tolerance in yeast through the stimulation of Cd(II) efflux from the cell, partially independent of GSH. Treatment of wheat seedlings with Cd(II) induced their expression of TaTM20, decreasing subsequent root Cd(II) accumulation and suggesting a possible role for TaTM20 in Cd(II) tolerance in wheat.

Received for publication, October 31, 2007 , and in revised form, March 18, 2008.

The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the GenBank^TM/EBI Data Bank with accession number(s) DQ323065.

^* This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health Grant P42ES010337 (NIEHS) (to J. I. S.). This work was also supported by grants from the Global Research Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Korea (to Y. L. and N. M.), by MOST/KOSEF, Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center Grant R15-2003-012-02003-0, Korea (to Y. L.), and by Korea Research Foundation Grant KRF-2005-070-C00095 (to S. K.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains supplemental Experimental Procedures, additional references, Table 1, and Figs. 1–4.

¹ Present address: Carnegie Institution of Washington, 260 Panama St., Stanford, CA 94305.

² Present address: Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland.

³ Present address: Dartmouth College, Biological Science Department, 6044 Gilman, Hanover, NH 03755.

⁴ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: 82-54-279-2199; E-mail: ylee{at}postech.ac.kr.

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