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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 283, Issue 36, 24525-24533, September 5, 2008

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CGI-58, the Causative Gene for Chanarin-Dorfman Syndrome, Mediates Acylation of Lysophosphatidic Acid^*

Ananda K. Ghosh¹, Geetha Ramakrishnan, Chitraju Chandramohan, and Ram Rajasekharan²

From the Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 562, India and the School of Science, Monash University, Sunway Campus, 46150 Petaling Jaya, Malaysia

cgi-58 (comparative gene identification-58) is a member of /β-hydrolase family of proteins. Mutations in CGI-58 are shown to be responsible for a rare genetic disorder known as Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome, characterized by an excessive accumulation of triacylglycerol in several tissues and ichthyosis. We have earlier reported that YLR099c encoding Ict1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can acylate lysophosphatidic acid to phosphatidic acid. Here we report that human CGI-58 is closely related to ICT1. To understand the biochemical function of cgi-58, the gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified recombinant protein was found to specifically acylate lysophosphatidic acid in an acyl-CoA-dependent manner. Overexpression of CGI-58 in S. cerevisiae showed an increase in the formation of phosphatidic acid resulting in an overall increase in the total phospholipids. However, the triacylglycerol level was found to be significantly reduced. In addition, the physiological significance of cgi-58 in mice white adipose tissue was studied. We found soluble lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase activity in mouse white adipose tissue. Immunoblot analysis using anti-Ict1p antibodies followed by mass spectrometry of the immunocross-reactive protein in lipid droplets revealed its identity as cgi-58. These observations suggest the existence of an alternate cytosolic phosphatidic acid biosynthetic pathway in the white adipose tissue. Collectively, these results reveal the role of cgi-58 as an acyltransferase.

Received for publication, March 5, 2008 , and in revised form, June 9, 2008.

^* This work was supported by a grant from the Department of Biotechnology (New Delhi, India). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains supplemental Fig. S1.

¹ Recipient of a University Grants Commission Fellowship (New Delhi, India).

² To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India. Tel.: 91-80-23602627; Fax: 91-80-23600814; E-mail: lipid{at}biochem.iisc.ernet.in.

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