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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print May 21, 2002
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.C200240200
Submitted on April 18, 2002
Revised on May 13, 2002
Accepted on May 21, 2002

ZO-1 is a scaffolding protein for signaling molecules; Galpha 12 directly binds to the SH3 domain and regulates paracellular permeability in epithelial cells

Tobias N. Meyer, Catherine Schwesinger, and Bradley M. Denker

Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115

Corresponding Author: tmeyer{at}ucsd.edu

Zona-Occludens proteins are multi-domain proteins usually localized at sites of intercellular junctions, yet little is known about their role in regulating junctional properties. Multiple signaling proteins regulate the junctional complex and several (including G proteins) have been co-localized with Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the tight junction of epithelial cells. However, evidence for direct interactions between signaling proteins and tight junction proteins has been lacking. In these studies, we constructed Galpha -GST fusion proteins and tested for interactions with [S35]-methionine labeled in-vitro translated ZO-1 and ZO-2. Only Galpha 12 directly interacted with in-vitro translated ZO-1 and ZO-2. Utilizing a series of ZO-1 domains expressed as GST fusion proteins and in-vitro translated [S35]-methionine labeled Galpha 12, we found that Galpha 12 and constitutively active (Q229L) alpha 12 bind to the SH3 domain of ZO-1. This binding was not detected with SH3 domains from other proteins. Inducible expression of wildtype alpha 12 and QLalpha 12 in MDCK cells was established using the Tet-Off system. In Galpha 12 expressing cells, we find that ZO-1 and Galpha 12 co-localize by confocal microscopy, co-immunoprecipitate, and that Galpha 12 from MDCK cell lysates binds to the GST-ZO-1-SH3 domain. Finally, we demonstrate that expression of QLalpha 12 reversibly increases paracellular permeability (decreased transepithelial resistance and increased paracellular flux) in MDCK cells. Consistent with ZO-1 as a scaffold for signaling molecules, these studies indicate that ZO-1 directly interacts with Galpha 12, and that Galpha 12 regulates barrier function of MDCK cells.


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