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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print April 27, 2004
Department of Physiology, Univ. of TX Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9040
Corresponding Author: shmuel.muallem{at}UTSouthwestern.edu
Many cells cluster signaling complexes in plasma membrane microdomains. Polarized secretory cells cluster all Ca2+ signaling proteins, including GPCRs, at the apical pole. The functional significance of such an arrangement is not known due to a lack of techniques for functional mapping of signaling complexes at plasma membrane patches. In the present work, we developed such a technique based on the use of two patch pipettes, a recording (RP) and a stimulating pipette (SP). Including 20% glycerol in the SP solution increased the viscosity and the hydrophobicity to prevent leakage and formation of tight seals on the plasma membrane. This allowed moving the SP between sites to stimulate multiple patches of the same cell and with the same [agonist]. Functional mapping of Ca2+ signaling in pancreatic acinar cells revealed that the M3, CCK and Bombesin signaling complexes at the apical pole are much more sensitive to stimulation than those at the basal pole. Furthermore, at physiological [agonist], Ca2+ signals could be evoked only by stimulation of membrane patches at the apical pole. [Ca2+]i imaging revealed that Ca2+ waves were invariably initiated at the site of apical membrane patch stimulation, suggesting that long range diffusion of second messengers is not obligatory to initiate and propagate apical-to-basal Ca2+ waves. The present studies reveal a remarkable heterogeneity in responsiveness of Ca2+ signaling complexes at membrane microdomains with the most responsive complexes confined to the apical pole, probably to restrict the Ca2+ signals to the site of exocytosis and allow the polarized functions of secretory cells.
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.C400184200
Submitted on April 23, 2004
Revised on April 27, 2004
Accepted on April 27, 2004
Functional mapping of Ca2+ signaling complexes in plasma membrane microdomains of polarized cells
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