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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print December 13, 2001
Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784
Corresponding Author: sungho{at}postech.ac.kr
Many studies have shown that protein kinase C (PKC) is an important physiological regulator of phospholipase D (PLD). However, the role of PKC in agonist-induced PLD activation has been mainly investigated with a focus on the PLD1, which is one of the two PLD isoenzymes (PLD1 and PLD2) cloned to date. Since the expression of PLD2 significantly enhanced phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)- or bradykinin-induced PLD activity in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of PLD2 in PC12 cells. Two different PKC inhibitors, GF109203X and Ro-31-8220, completely blocked PMA-induced PLD2 activation. In addition, specific inhibition of PKC
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M108343200
Submitted on August 29, 2001
Revised on November 20, 2001
Accepted on December 13, 2001
Phosphorylation-dependent regulation of phospholipase D2 by protein kinase C
in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells
by rottlerin prevented PLD2 activation in PMA-stimulated PC12 cells. Concomitant with PLD2 activation, PLD2 became phosphorylated upon PMA or bradykinin treatment of PC12 cells. Moreover, rottlerin blocked PMA- or bradykinin-induced PLD2 phosphorylation in PC12 cells. Expression of a kinase-deficient mutant of PKC using adenovirus-mediated gene transfer inhibited the phosphorylation and activation of PLD2 induced by PMA in PC12 cells, suggesting the phosphorylation-dependent regulation of PLD2 mediated by PKC kinase activity in PC12 cells. PKC co-immunoprecipitated with PLD2 from PC12 cell extracts, and associated with PLD2 in vitro in a PMA-dependent manner. Phospho-PLD2 immunoprecipitated from PMA-treated PC12 cells and PLD2 phosphorylated in vitro by PKC were resolved by two-dimensional phosphopeptide mapping and compared. At least seven phosphopeptides co-migrated, indicating the direct phosphorylation of PLD2 by PKC inside the cells. Immunocytochemical studies of PC12 cells revealed that after treatment with PMA, PKC was translocated from the cytosol to the plasma membrane where PLD2 is mainly localized. These results suggest that PKC-dependent direct phosphorylation plays an important role in the regulation of PLD2 activity in PC12 cells.
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