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M110894200v1
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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print April 4, 2002
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M110894200
Submitted on November 13, 2001
Revised on March 20, 2002
Accepted on April 3, 2002

Identification of a short linear sequence present in the C-terminal tail of the rat follitropin receptor that modulates arrestin-3 binding in a phosphorylation-independent fashion

Hiroshi Kishi, Hanumanthappa Krishnamurthy, Colette Galet, Ravi Sankar Bhaskaran, and Mario Ascoli

Pharmacology, The University of Iowa, Iowa city, Iowa 52242-1109

Corresponding Author: mario-ascoli{at}uiowa.edu

The rat follitropin receptor (rFSHR) is an unusual G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) in that agonist-induced activation leads to the phosphorylation of the first and third intracellular loops, instead of the C-terminal tail. In order to determine regions of GPCRs that affect internalization independently of phosphorylation we examined the effects of truncations of the C-terminal tail of the rFSHR on agonist-induced internalization. Our studies show that progressive truncations of a region flanked by residues 642 and 651 enhance the internalization of hFSH. Further characterization of a mutant truncated at residue 649 (designated rFSHR-t649) and another mutant in which the 642-651 region was deleted in the context of the full length rFSHR, designated rFSHR(D642-651), showed that both of them internalized hFSH at rates that were 2-3 times faster than rFSHR-wt. Like rFSHR-wt, however, the internalization of hFSH mediated by rFSHR-t649 and rFSHR(D642-651) can be inhibited with dominant-negative mutants of the non-visual arrestins or dynamin. Alanine scanning mutagenesis of the 642-651 region suggests that the effects on internalization are not mediated by a single residue, however. In an attempt to understand the molecular basis of the enhanced internalization of hFSH mediated by these mutants we used an assay that can be readily used to assess the association of the rFSHR with the arrestin-3 in co-transfected cells. Using this assay we were able to show that, when compared to rFSHR-wt, rFSHR(D642-651) displays a ~4-fold enhancement in binding affinity for arrestin-3 and a ~1.7-fold reduction in maximal arrestin-3 binding capacity. We conclude that a short linear sequence present in the C-terminal tail of the rFSHR (S642ATHNFHARK651) that is not phosphorylated limits internalization by lowering the affinity of the rFSHR for the endogenous non-visual arrestins.


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