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A more recent version of this article appeared on April 5, 2002
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M111830200v1
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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print January 25, 2002
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M111830200
Submitted on December 12, 2001
Revised on January 25, 2002
Accepted on January 25, 2002

Conserved enzymatic production and biological effect of O-acetyl ADP ribose by Sir2-like NAD+-dependent deacteylases

Margie T. Borra, Forest J. O'Neill, Michael D. Jackson, Brett Marshall, Eric Verdin, Kathy R. Foltz, and John M. Denu

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR 97201

Corresponding Author: denuj{at}ohsu.edu

Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) family of enzymes has been implicated in many cellular processes that include histone deacetylation, gene silencing, chromosomal stability and aging. Yeast Sir2 and several homologues have been shown to be NAD+-dependent histone/protein deacetylases. Previously, it was demonstrated that the yeast enzymes catalyze a unique reaction mechanism in which the cleavage of NAD+ and the deacetylation of substrate are coupled with the formation of O-acetyl-ADP-ribose, a novel metabolite. Here, we demonstrate that the production of O-acetyl-ADP-ribose is evolutionarily conserved among Sir2-like enzymes from yeast, Drosophila and human. Also, endogenous yeast Sir2 complex from telomeres was shown to generate O-acetyl-ADP-ribose. Using a quantitative microinjection assay to examine the possible biological function(s) of this newly discovered metabolite, we demonstrate that O-acetyl-ADP-ribose causes a delay/block in oocyte maturation, and results in a delay/block in embryo cell division in blastomeres. This effect was mimicked by injection of low nanoM levels of active enzyme, but not with a catalytically impaired mutant, indicating that the enzymatic activity is essential for the observed effects. In cell-free oocyte extracts, we demonstrate the existence of cellular enzymes that can efficiently utilize O-acetyl-ADP-ribose.


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