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A more recent version of this article appeared on November 27, 2002
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M205274200v1
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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print October 1, 2002
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M205274200
Submitted on May 29, 2002
Revised on September 16, 2002
Accepted on October 1, 2002

Heteromultimerization modulates P2X receptor-functions through participating extracellular and C-terminal subdomains

Taka-aki Koshimizu, Susumu Ueno, Akito Tanoue, Nobuyuki Yanagihara, Stanko S. Stojilkovic, and Gozoh Tsujimoto

Department of Molecular, Cell Pharmacology, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, Tokyo 154-8567

Corresponding Author: gtsujimoto{at}nch.go.jp

P2X purinergic receptors (P2XRs) differ among themselves with respect to their ligand preferences and channel kinetics during activation, desensitization and recovery. However, the contributions of distinct receptor subdomains to the subtype-specific behavior have been incompletely characterized. Here, we show that homomeric receptors having the extracellular domain of P2X3 subunit in the P2X2a-based backbone (P2X2a/X3ex) mimicked two intrinsic functions of P2X3R, sensitivity to alpha beta -methylene ATP and ecto-ATPase-dependent recovery from endogenous desensitization; these two functions were localized to N- and C-terminal halves of P2X3R extracellular loop, respectively. The chimeric P2X2aR/X3ex receptors also desensitized with accelerated rates compared to native P2X2aR, and the introduction of P2X2-C-terminal splicing into the chimeric subunit (P2X2b/X3ex) further increased the rate of desensitization. Physical and functional heteromerization of native P2X2a and P2X2b subunits was also demonstrated. In heteromeric receptors, the ectodomain of P2X3 was a structural determinant for ligand selectivity and recovery from desensitization, and the C-terminus of P2X2 was an important factor for desensitization rate. Furthermore, [gamma -32P]8-azido ATP, a photoreactive agonist, was effectively cross-linked to P2X3 subunit in homomeric receptors but not in heteromeric P2X2+P2X3Rs. These results indicate that heteromeric receptors formed by distinct P2XR subunits develop new functions resulting from integrative effects of the participating extracellular and C-terminal subdomains.


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