Nickel-responsive transcriptional repression of sodF, which codes for iron- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (FeZnSOD) of Streptomyces griseus, was mediated through an operator (-2 to +15) spanning over the 5' end (+1) of the transcript. Two open reading frames (ORFs), SrnR (12,343 Da) and SrnQ (12,486 Da) with overlapping stop-start codons, were identified downstream from sodF, and found responsible for the repression of sodF. The deduced amino acid sequence of SrnR revealed a DNA-binding motif and showed homology to the transcriptional regulators of ArsR family, while SrnQ did not show any similarity to any known proteins. When srnRQ DNA was maintained in trans in S. griseus on a multi-copy plasmid, sodF transcription was highly repressed by nickel, but neither srnR nor srnQ alone showed the effect. Consistently, the sodF transcription of srnR-interrupted mutant was no longer repressed by nickel, which was complemented only with srnRQ DNA. Nickel-dependent binding of SrnR and SrnQ to the sodF operator DNA was observed only when the two proteins were provided together. The maximum protein-DNA interaction was shown when SrnR and SrnQ were present in one-to-one stoichiometric ratio. The two proteins appear to constitute an octamer composed of four subunits of each protein. SrnR directly interacted with SrnQ, and the protein interaction did not require nickel. The conformation of SrnQ was changed upon nickel binding, which was in the ratio of one Ni2+ ion per protein molecule. A model is proposed, in which SrnQ of the protein complex senses nickel and subsequently enhances the DNA-binding activity of SrnR through the protein-protein interaction.