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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print April 24, 2004
Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU
Corresponding Author: nicholas.kent{at}bioch.ox.ac.uk
Cbf1p is a basic-helix-loop-helix-zipper protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae required for the function of centromeres and MET gene promoters where it binds DNA via the consensus core motif CACRTG (R=A or G). At MET genes Cbf1p appears to function in both activator recruitment and chromatin-remodeling. Cbf1p has been implicated in the regulation of other genes and CACRTG motifs are common in potential gene-regulatory DNA. A recent genome-wide location analysis showed that the majority of intergenic CACGTG palindromes are bound by Cbf1p. Here we tested whether all potential Cbf1p-binding motifs in the yeast genome are likely to be bound by Cbf1p using chromatin immunoprecipitation. We also tested which of the motifs are actually functional by assaying for Cbf1p-dependent chromatin remodeling. We show that Cbf1p binding and activity is restricted to palindromic CACGTG motifs in promoter-proximal regions. Cbf1p does not function through CACGTG motifs which occur in promoter-distal locations within coding regions, nor where CACATG motifs occur alone, except at centromeres. Cbf1p can be made to function at promoter-distal CACGTG motifs by over-expression, suggesting that the concentration of Cbf1p is normally limiting for binding and is biased to gene-regulatory DNA by interactions with other factors. We conclude that Cbf1p is required for normal nucleosome positioning wherever the CACGTG motif occurs in gene-regulatory DNA. Cbf1p has been shown to interact with the chromatin-remodeling ATPase Isw1p. Here we show that recruitment of Isw1p by Cbf1p is likely to be general, but that Isw1p is only partially required for Cbf1p-dependent chromatin structures.
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M403818200
Submitted on April 6, 2004
Revised on April 23, 2004
Accepted on April 23, 2004
Cbf1p is required for chromatin remodeling at promoter-proximal CACGTG motifs in yeast
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