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M407657200v1
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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print August 28, 2004
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M407657200
Submitted on July 8, 2004
Revised on August 19, 2004
Accepted on August 27, 2004

An RNA Ligase from Deinococcus radiodurans

Alexandra Martins and Stewart Shuman

Molecular Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10021

Corresponding Author: s-shuman{at}ski.mskcc.org

Although DNA repair pathways have been the focus of much attention, there is an emerging appreciation that distinct pathways exist to maintain or manipulate RNA structure in response to breakage events. Here we identify an RNA ligase (DraRnl) from the radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. DraRnl seals 3’-OH/5’-PO4 RNA nicks in either a duplex RNA or an RNA:DNA hybrid, but cannot seal 3’-OH/5’-PO4 DNA nicks. The specificity of DraRnl arises from a requirement for RNA on the 3’-OH side of the nick. DraRnl is a 342–aa monomeric protein with a distinctive structure composed of a C-terminal adenylyltransferase domain linked to an N-terminal module that resembles the OB-fold of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetases. RNA sealing activity was abolished by mutation of the predicted lysine adenylylation site (Lys165) in the C-terminal domain and was reduced by an order of magnitude by deletion of the N-terminal OB module. Our findings highlight the existence of an RNA repair capacity in bacteria and support the hypothesis that contemporary DNA ligases, RNA ligases, and RNA capping enzymes evolved by fusion of ancillary effector domains to an ancestral catalytic module involved in RNA repair.


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