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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print June 2, 2005
Department of Experimental Medicine, II University of Naples, Naples 80138
Corresponding Author: massimiliano.galdiero{at}unina2.it
Infection of eukaryotic cells by enveloped viruses requires fusion between the viral envelope and the cellular plasma or endosomal membrane. The actual merging of the two membranes is mediated by viral envelope glycoproteins which generally contain a highly hydrophobic region, named the fusion peptide. The entry of herpesviruses is mediated by three conserved glycoproteins: gB, gH and gL, however, how fusion is executed remains unknown. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) gH exhibits features typical of viral fusion glycoproteins and its ectodomain seems to contain a putative internal fusion peptide. Here we have identified additional internal segments able to interact with membranes and to induce membrane fusion of large unilamellar vesicles. We have applied the hydrophobicity-at-interface scale proposed by Wimley and White to identify six hydrophobic stretches within gH with a tendency to partition into the membrane interface, and four of them were able to induce membrane fusion. Experiments in which equimolar mixtures of gH peptides were used indicated that different fusogenic regions may act in a synergistic way. The functional and structural characterization of these segments suggests that HSV-1 gH possesses several fusogenic internal peptides that could participate in the actual fusion event.
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M505196200
Submitted on May 11, 2005
Revised on June 2, 2005
Accepted on June 2, 2005
Fusogenic domains in herpes simplex virus 1 glycoprotein H
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