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M505423200v1
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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print June 13, 2005
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M505423200
Submitted on May 17, 2005
Accepted on June 13, 2005

Interdomain communication in hepatitis C virus polymerase abolished by small-molecule inhibitors bound to a novel allosteric site

Stefania Di Marco, Cinzia Volpari, Licia Tomei, Sergio Altamura, Steven Harper, Frank Narjes, Uwe Koch, Michael Rowley, Raffaele De Francesco, Giovanni Migliaccio, and Andrea Carfi

Department of Biochemistry, IRBM P.Angeletti, Pomezia, Rome I-00040

Corresponding Author: andrea_carfi{at}merck.com

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) polymerase is required for replication of the viral genome and is a key target for therapeutic intervention against HCV. We have determined the crystal structures of the HCV polymerase complexed with two indole-based allosteric inhibitors at 2.3 Å and 2.4 Å resolution. The structures show that these inhibitors bind to a site on the surface of the thumb domain. A cyclohexyl and phenyl ring substituents, bridged by an indole moiety, fill two closely spaced pockets whereas a carboxylate substituent forms a salt bridge with an exposed arginine side chain. Interestingly, in the apoenzyme, the inhibitor binding site is occupied by a small alpha-helix at the tip of the N-terminal loop that connects fingers and thumb domains. Thus, these molecules inhibit the enzyme by preventing formation of intramolecular contacts between these two domains and consequently precluding their coordinated movements during RNA synthesis. Our structures identify a novel mechanism by which a new class of allosteric inhibitors inhibits the HCV polymerase and open the way to the development of novel antiviral agents against this clinically relevant human pathogen.


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