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A more recent version of this article appeared on January 27, 2006
Papers In Press, published online ahead of print November 22, 2005
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M510889200
Submitted on October 5, 2005
Revised on November 16, 2005
Accepted on November 22, 2005
Efficient and high fidelity incorporation of dCTP opposite 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodeoxyguanosine by sulfolobus solfataricus DNA polymerase Dpo4
Hong Zang, Adriana Irimia, Jeong-Yun Choi, Karen C. Angel, Lioudmila V. Loukachevitch, Martin Egli, and F. Peter Guengerich
Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146
Corresponding Author: f.guengerich{at}vanderbilt.edu
DNA polymerases insert dATP opposite the oxidative damage product 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodeoxyguanosine (8-oxoG) instead of dCTP, to the extent of > 90% with some polymerases. Steady-state kinetics with the Y-family Sulfolobus solfataricus DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4) showed 25-fold higher incorporation efficiency of dCTP > dATP opposite 8-oxoG and 4-fold higher efficiency of extension beyond an 8-oxoG:C pair than an 8-oxoG:A pair. The catalytic efficiency for these events (with dCTP or C) was similar for G and 8-oxoG templates. Mass spectral analysis of extended DNA primers showed = 95% incorporation of dCTP > dATP opposite 8-oxoG. Pre-steady-state kinetics showed faster rates of dCTP incorporation opposite 8-oxoG than G. The measured Kd,dCTP was 15-fold lower for an oligonucleotide containing 8-oxoG than with G. Extension beyond an 8-oxoG:C pair was similar to G:C and faster than for an 8-oxoG:A pair, in contrast to other polymerases. The Ea for dCTP insertion opposite 8-oxoG was lower than opposite G. Crystal structures of Dpo4 complexes with oligonucleotides were solved with C, A, and G nucleoside triphosphates placed opposite 8-oxoG. With ddCTP, dCTP, and dATP the phosphodiester bonds were formed even in the presence of Ca2+. The 8-oxoG:C pair showed classic Watson-Crick geometry; the 8-oxoG:A pair was in the syn:anti configuration, with the A hybridized in a Hoogsteen pair with the 8-oxoG. With dGTP placed opposite 8-oxoG, pairing was not to the 8-oxoG but to the 5 C (and in classic Watson-Crick geometry), consistent with the low frequency of this frameshift event observed in the catalytic assays.

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