Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) is a transcription factor and tumour suppressor that can regulate gene expression in a manner requiring either its sequence specific DNA-binding activity or its ability to bind the p300 coactivator. We show that IRF-1 mediated growth inhibition is dependent on the integrity of a C-terminal transcriptional enhancer domain. An enhancer sub-domain (aa 301-325) that differentially regulates IRF-1 activity has been identified and this region mediates the repression of Cdk2. The repressor domain encompasses an LXXLL coregulator signature motif and mutations or deletions within this region completely uncouple transcriptional activation from repression. The loss of growth suppressor activity when the Cdk2-repressor domain of IRF-1 is mutated implicates repression as a determinant of its maximal growth inhibitory potential. The data link IRF-1 regulatory domains to its growth inhibitory activity and provide information about how differential gene regulation may contribute to IRF-1 tumour suppressor activity.