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A more recent version of this article appeared on April 28, 2006
Papers In Press, published online ahead of print March 2, 2006
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M513125200
Submitted on December 8, 2005
Revised on February 28, 2006
Accepted on March 2, 2006
Regulation of surface localization of the small-conductance CA2+-activated potassium channel, SK2 through direct phosphorylation by cylic amp-dependent protein kinase
Yajun Ren, Barnwell F. Lyndon, Jon C. Alexander, Farah D. Lubin, John P. Adelman, Paul J. Pfaffinger, Laura A. Schrader, and Anne E. Anderson
Pediatric-Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
Corresponding Author: annea{at}bcm.tmc.edu
Small conductance, Ca2+-activated voltage-independent potassium channels (SK channels) are widely expressed in diverse tissues; however, little is known about the molecular regulation of SK channel subunits. Direct alteration of ion channel subunits by kinases is a candidate mechanism for functional modulation of these channels. We find that activation of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) with forskolin (50 µM) causes a dramatic decrease in surface localization of the SK2 channel subunit expressed in COS7 cells due to direct phosphorylation of the SK2 channel subunit. PKA phosphorylation studies using the intracellular domains of the SK2 channel subunit expressed as glutathione S-transferase fusion protein constructs showed that both the amino-terminal (NT) and carboxyl-terminal (CT) regions are PKA substrates in vitro. Mutational analysis identified a single PKA phosphorylation site within the NT of the SK2 subunit at serine (S) 136. Mutagenesis and mass spectrometry studies identified four PKA phosphorylation sites: S465 (minor site) and three amino acid residues S568, S569, S570 (major sites) within the CT region. A mutated SK2 channel subunit, with the three contiguous serines mutated to alanines to block phosphorylation at these sites, shows no decrease in surface expression after PKA stimulation. Thus, our findings suggest that PKA phosphorylation of these three sites is necessary for PKA-mediated reorganization of SK2 surface expression.

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Copyright © 2006 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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