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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print February 1, 2006
Institute of Plant Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092
Corresponding Author: lhennig{at}ethz.ch
Duplication of chromatin following DNA replication requires spatial reorganization of chromatin domains assisted by chromatin assembly factor CAF-1. Here, we tested the genomic consequences of CAF-1 loss and the function of chromatin assembly factor CAF-1 in heterochromatin formation. Genes located in heterochromatic regions are usually silent, and we found that this transcriptional repression persists in the absence of CAF-1 in Arabidopsis. However, using microarrays we observed that genes that are active during late S-phase, when heterochromatin is duplicated, were upregulated in CAF-1 mutants. Arabidopsis CAF-1 mutants also have reduced cytological heterochromatin content; however, DNA methylation of pericentromeric repeats was normal, demonstrating that CAF-1 is not required for maintenance of DNA methylation. Instead, hypomethylation of the genome, which has only mild effects on the development of wild type plants, completely arrested development of CAF-1 mutants. These results suggest that CAF-1 functions in heterochromatin formation. CAF-1 and DNA-methylation, which is also needed for heterochromatin formation, have partially redundant functions that are essential for cell proliferation. Interestingly, transcriptional repression and heterochromatin compaction can be genetically separated, and CAF-1 is only required for the complete compaction of heterochromatin but not to maintain transcriptional repression of heterochromatic genes.
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M513426200
Submitted on December 16, 2005
Revised on January 31, 2006
Accepted on January 31, 2006
Functional genomic analysis of CAF-1 mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana
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