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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 15, 12596-12603, April 12, 2002
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From the Among all the HIV-1 integrase inhibitors, the
Structural Determinants for HIV-1 Integrase Inhibition by
-Diketo Acids*
,
,
Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center
for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,
Maryland 20892-4255, the § Laboratory of Medicinal
Chemistry, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, Maryland 21702, and the ¶ College of Pharmacy, University of Southern California,
Los Angeles, California 90089-9121
-diketo acids (DKAs) represent a major lead in anti-HIV-1 integrase
drug design. These derivatives inhibit the integration reaction
in vitro with a strong specificity for the 3'-end joining
step. They are also antiviral and inhibit integration in
vivo. The aim of the present study has been to investigate the
molecular interactions between DKAs and HIV-1 integrase. We have
compared 5CITEP with one of the most potent DKAs reported by the Merck
group (L-708,906) and found that 5CITEP inhibits 3'-processing at
concentrations where L-708,906 is only active on strand transfer. We
also report a novel bifunctional DKA derivative that inhibits
3'-processing even more effectively than 5CITEP. The interactions of
these inhibitors with the viral DNA donor ends have been studied by
performing experiments with oligonucleotides containing defined
modifications. We propose that the bifunctional DKA derivative
binds to both the acceptor and donor sites of HIV-1 integrase, whereas
the monofunctional L-708,906 derivative binds selectively to the
acceptor site.
*
The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Bldg. 37, Rm.
5068, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4255. Tel.: 301-496-5944; Fax: 301-402-0752; E-mail: pommier@nih.gov.
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